Darmowe przygotowanie CAST · 20 pytań w 35 minut

Rozumowanie werbalne CAST

Najdłuższy z trzech testów CAST i samodzielny próg zaliczenia: 20 pytań w 35 minut, z których musisz zdobyć co najmniej 10, niezależnie od wyniku w pozostałych dwóch testach.

Rozumowanie werbalne CAST przedstawia krótki tekst administracyjny lub polityczny liczący kilkaset słów, zwykle w rejestrze dokumentu unijnego, oraz jedno pytanie na jego temat. Następuje pięć odpowiedzi. Dokładnie jedna jest poparta tekstem.

Test nie sprawdza szybkości czytania ani wiedzy ogólnej. Mierzy, czy potrafisz odróżnić to, co dokument stwierdza, od tego, co rozsądna osoba mogłaby z niego wywnioskować. Te dwie rzeczy stale się rozmijają w błędnych odpowiedziach, a ta różnica to cały sens ćwiczenia.

Format i czas

Dwadzieścia pytań w trzydzieści pięć minut, czyli nieco poniżej 1 minuty 45 sekund na pytanie, wliczając czytanie tekstu. To wystarczająco dużo czasu, by przeczytać uważnie raz i sprawdzić jedną odpowiedź względem tekstu, ale za mało, by przeczytać trzy razy. Większość kandydatów, którym brakuje czasu, ponownie czyta tekst, zamiast czytać wolniej.

Test werbalny zdaje się w twoim pierwszym języku i jest oceniany jako niezależny próg: potrzebujesz tu co najmniej 10 z 20 i co najmniej 10 z 20 łącznie z testów numerycznego i abstrakcyjnego. Wysoki wynik w jednym progu nie ratuje drugiego. Zobacz jak działają progi zaliczeniowe CAST.

Jak rozwiązywać pytanie

  1. Przeczytaj pytanie przed tekstem. Dzięki temu czytasz tekst, szukając czegoś konkretnego, zamiast próbować zapamiętać wszystko.
  2. Znajdź zdanie, które rozstrzyga sprawę. Niemal każde pytanie opiera się na jednym fragmencie tekstu. Jeśli nie potrafisz go wskazać, jeszcze nie odpowiedziałeś na pytanie.
  3. Sprawdzaj każdą odpowiedź względem tego fragmentu, a nie względem swojego ogólnego wrażenia z tekstu. Pytanie zawsze brzmi „czy tekst to potwierdza”, nigdy „czy to prawdopodobne”.
  4. Zwracaj uwagę na kwantyfikatory i czasowniki modalne. Niektóre, wszystkie, większość, może, musi, powinno: to właśnie tam zwykle powstają błędne odpowiedzi.

Jak ćwiczyć z sensem

Samo czytanie więcej niewiele zmieni w tym wyniku. To, co go poprawia, to rozwiązywanie zadań i czytanie za każdym razem, dlaczego dana odpowiedź jest właściwa, zwłaszcza przy tych, które zaliczyłeś z niewłaściwego powodu. Każde pytanie ćwiczeniowe tutaj ujawnia pisemne wyjaśnienie w chwili udzielenia odpowiedzi, wskazując fragment tekstu, który to rozstrzyga.

Co kosztuje kandydatów punkty

Wzmocnienie kwantyfikatora

Tekst mówi „niektóre państwa członkowskie zgłosiły opóźnienie”. Odpowiedź mówi „państwa członkowskie zgłosiły opóźnienie”, cicho zamieniając niektóre na wszystkie. Twierdzenie jest teraz silniejsze niż tekst, więc jest błędne.

Korelacja odczytana jako przyczyna

Tekst stwierdza, że dwie rzeczy zmieniały się razem. Odpowiedź twierdzi, że jedna spowodowała drugą. Nic w tekście nie uprawnia do tego kroku, choćby brzmiał wiarygodnie.

Warunek konieczny potraktowany jako wystarczający

„Wnioski muszą zawierać certyfikat” mówi, czego potrzebuje wniosek, a nie że certyfikat gwarantuje jego zatwierdzenie. Odpowiedź, która odwraca te dwie rzeczy, testuje dokładnie to.

Wiedza spoza tekstu

Odpowiedź może być całkowicie prawdziwa w rzeczywistości, a mimo to błędna tutaj. Jedyne pytanie brzmi, czy ten tekst ją potwierdza.

Darmowe przykładowe pytania: Rozumowanie werbalne CAST

W pełni rozwiązane, z odpowiedziami i wyjaśnieniami. To prawdziwe zadania z banku ćwiczeniowego, pokazane dokładnie tak, jak wyglądają, gdy je zdajesz.

Sample question 1

The Aldreth Procurement Board oversees contracts awarded by ministries in the northern districts. Under its standing rules, every contract valued above the reporting threshold must be published in the central register within thirty days of signature. The Board's compliance unit reviewed contracts signed by the Ministry of Works during the last cycle and found that three exceeded the reporting threshold. A summary note prepared by the unit's director states that publication delays have become the most common procedural failure across all ministries, though the note does not set out the figures on which that judgement rests. Contracts below the threshold are recorded internally but are not entered in the central register.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?

Answer

Three of the Ministry of Works contracts examined were required to appear in the central register.

The passage says: “every contract valued above the reporting threshold must be published in the central register within thirty days of signature”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 2

The Morvane Environmental Agency maintains air-quality stations across the western basin. A station's readings are admitted into the national dataset only if the station has passed calibration within the preceding six months. Fourteen stations in the basin were calibrated during the spring round, and the agency's technical office confirmed that all of them met the required tolerance. The office's quarterly bulletin observes that basins with denser station networks tend to report fewer unexplained pollution episodes, and its editors treat the network density as the reason for that difference. Stations operated by municipal authorities follow a separate calibration schedule agreed with the agency.

Which of the following statements is supported by the text?

Answer

Readings from a station not calibrated within the past six months are excluded from the dataset.

The passage says: “A station's readings are admitted into the national dataset only if the station has passed calibration within the preceding six months”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 3

The Tessaly Civil Service Institute administers the secondment scheme for officials moving between departments. Officials on secondment retain their home-department grade for the duration of the placement and return to their original post at its conclusion. The Institute's annual review reports that placements lasting more than one year produce the strongest gains in cross-departmental knowledge, and its authors recommend extending the standard placement accordingly. Departments hosting a seconded official contribute to the Institute's administrative costs on a fixed scale. Officials who accept a permanent transfer rather than a secondment leave the scheme and are graded under the receiving department's structure.

Which of the following statements is supported by the text?

Answer

The Institute's annual review argues for a longer standard placement.

The passage says: “its authors recommend extending the standard placement accordingly”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 4

The Brunnhold Transport Authority issues operating licences to regional coach services. A service may run on the trunk network only if it holds a category two licence, and a category two licence is granted only to operators that have maintained an accident-free record for three consecutive years. The Authority's inspectorate publishes an annual list of operators whose records were interrupted during the assessment period. Services confined to rural feeder routes are licensed under category three and are assessed against a shorter record requirement. The inspectorate's chief has described the three-year rule as the single most effective safety measure the Authority has introduced.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?

Answer

An operator whose accident-free record was interrupted cannot currently run on the trunk network.

The passage says: “A service may run on the trunk network only if it holds a category two licence, and a category two licence is granted only to operators that have maintained an accident-free record for three consecutive years”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 5

The Corvane Statistical Office collects quarterly returns from public bodies in the eastern region. Bodies that submit their returns through the electronic portal are exempt from the paper confirmation step required of every other body. The Office's methodology note records that bodies using the portal also report fewer arithmetic inconsistencies than those filing on paper, and the note's authors attribute the difference to the portal's built-in validation. A small number of bodies without reliable connectivity continue to file on paper by agreement with the Office. Returns arriving after the quarterly deadline are logged separately regardless of the channel used.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?

Answer

Some bodies in the eastern region must still complete the paper confirmation step.

The passage says: “are exempt from the paper confirmation step required of every other body”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 6

The Delmara Agricultural Inspectorate carries out on-site checks of registered holdings. Every holding is inspected at least once in each three-year cycle, except for holdings enrolled in the assured-practice programme, which are inspected once in each five-year cycle. Enrolment in the programme requires a clean inspection history and an annual fee. The Inspectorate's caseload report states that assured-practice holdings absorb far less inspector time than the remainder of the register, and its compilers present this as the programme's main justification. Holdings that leave the programme return to the three-year cycle from the date of withdrawal.

Which of the following statements is supported by the text?

Answer

A registered holding outside the assured-practice programme is checked at least once every three years.

The passage says: “Every holding is inspected at least once in each three-year cycle, except for holdings enrolled in the assured-practice programme”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 7

The Ostrenne Grid Coordination Office publishes reserve margins for the three interconnected zones it manages. In the most recent assessment the northern zone held a larger reserve margin than the central zone, and the central zone held a larger margin than the coastal zone. The Office's commentary notes that zones with larger margins have historically been called on less often to import emergency capacity. A separate annex records that the coastal zone completed its scheduled maintenance later than the other two zones. Reserve margins are recalculated whenever a generating unit is retired from any of the three zones.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?

Answer

The coastal zone's reserve margin was below that of the northern zone.

The passage says: “the northern zone held a larger reserve margin than the central zone, and the central zone held a larger margin than the coastal zone”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

Sample question 8

The Falstria Planning Secretariat must open every major infrastructure proposal to public comment. A proposal is handled either through the written consultation route or through the hearings route, and never through both. The Secretariat confirmed that the coastal defence proposal was not handled through the hearings route. Its procedural guidance states that the written route closes twelve weeks after publication, while the hearings route has no fixed closing date. The guidance's drafters describe the written route as the more predictable of the two for objectors planning their submissions. Proposals withdrawn before publication are removed from the register without further steps.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?

Answer

Objections to the coastal defence scheme could be lodged for twelve weeks.

The passage says: “A proposal is handled either through the written consultation route or through the hearings route, and never through both”. Only this option stays within what that supports; the rest go further than the text does.

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